时间轴

2026-03-19

init

题目：

P347 前 K 个高频元素

https://leetcode.cn/problems/top-k-frequent-elements/description/?envType=study-plan-v2&envId=top-100-liked

大顶堆

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#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <queue>
#include <utility>

using std::vector;
using std::unordered_map;
using std::priority_queue;
using std::pair;

class Solution {
    public:
        vector<int> topKFrequent(vector<int> &nums, int k)
        {
                vector<int> res;
                unordered_map<int, int> umap;
                priority_queue<pair<int, int>, vector<pair<int, int> >, std::less<pair<int, int> > >
                        max_heap;

                for (int val : nums)
                        umap[val]++;

                for (auto [val, times] : umap)
                        max_heap.push({ times, val });

                while (k > 0) {
                        res.push_back(max_heap.top().second);
                        max_heap.pop();
                        k--;
                }

                return res;
        }
};

实际上最优解是用快速排序：

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#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>

using std::pair;
using std::vector;
using std::unordered_map;

class Solution {
    private:
        void quick_sort(vector<pair<int, int> > &arr, int k, int start, int end)
        {
                if (start >= end)
                        return;
                int pivot = arr[(start + end) / 2].first;
                int left = start - 1;
                int right = end + 1;

                while (left < right) {
                        do {
                                left++;
                        } while (arr[left].first > pivot);

                        do {
                                right--;
                        } while (arr[right].first < pivot);

                        if (left < right)
                                std::swap(arr[left], arr[right]);
                }

                // start ..=right, right+1..=end
                if (k <= right)
                        quick_sort(arr, k, start, right);
                else
                        quick_sort(arr, k, right + 1, end);
        }

    public:
        vector<int> topKFrequent(vector<int> &nums, int k)
        {
                int i;
                vector<pair<int, int> > arr;
                unordered_map<int, int> umap;
                vector<int> res;

                for (int val : nums)
                        umap[val]++;

                for (auto [val, times] : umap)
                        arr.push_back({ times, val });

                quick_sort(arr, k, 0, arr.size() - 1);

                for (i = 0; i < k; i++)
                        res.push_back(arr[i].second);

                return res;
        }
};